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作者：医药翻译 日期：2015-04-11
| 安慰剂 | Placebo |
| 安慰剂效应 | placebo effects |
| 把握度 | study power |
| 半试验 | semi-trial |
| 保护率 | protective rate ，PR |
| 报告偏倚 | reporting bias |
| 暴露 | exposure |
| 暴露标志 | exposure marker |
| 暴露怀疑偏倚 | exposure suspicion bias |
| 爆发调查 | outbreak survey |
| 被动监测 | passive surveillance |
| 比例研究 | proportional study |
| 比值比 | Odds Ratio ，OR |
| 必需病因 | necessary factor of cause |
| 标点地图 | spot map |
| 标化比例死亡比 | standardized proportional mortality ratio， SPMR |
| 标化比值比 | standardized odds ratio， SOR |
| 标化死亡比 | standardized mortality ratio， SMR |
| 标准化 | standardization |
| 标准化率比 | standardized rate ratio， SRR |
| "冰山"现象 | ice-berg phenomenon |
| 丙型肝炎 | hepatitis C，HC |
| 并联试验 | parallel test |
| 病毒性肝炎 | viral hepatitis |
| 病例报告 | case report |
| 病例-研究 | case-case study |
| 病例调查 | case survey |
| 病例对照研究 | case-control study |
| 病例交叉设计 | case-crossover design |
| 病例交叉研究 | case-crossover study |
| 病例-系列研究 | case-series study |
| 病死率 | fatality rate |
| 病因 | causation of disease |
| 病因的异质性 | etiological heterogeneity |
| 病因分值 | etiologic fraction，EF |
| 病因链 | chains of causation |
| 病因网 | web of causation |
| 不合格 | ineligibility |
| 不依从 | noncompliance |
| 测量偏倚 | measurement bias |
| 长期变异 | secular change， trend variation |
| 超额死亡率 | excess mortality |
| 超额危险度 | excess risk |
| 巢式病例对照研究 | nested case-control study |
| 成本效果分析 | cost -effectiveness analysis |
| 成本效益分析 | cost-benefit analysis |
| 成本效用分析 | cost-utility |
| 成组匹配 | category matching |
| 抽样调查 | sampling survey |
| 抽样框架 | sampling frame |
| 抽样误差 | sampling error |
| 出生队列 | birth cohort |
| 出生队列分析法 | birth cohort analysis |
| 初级卫生保健 | primary health care ，PHC |
| 传播概率 | transmission probability |
| 传播机制 | mechanism of transmission |
| 传播途径 | path of transmission |
| 传播途径 | transmission route |
| 传播因素 | transmitting factor |
| 传染病 | communicable diseases |
| 传染过程 | infectious process |
| 传染性 | infectiousness |
| 串联试验 | serial test |
| 粗死亡率 | crude death rate, crude mortality rate |
| 粗一致性 | crude agreement |
| 促成病因 | contributory factor of cause |
| 错分偏倚 | misclassification bias |
| 错误分类 | misclassification |
| 大骨节病 | Kashin-Beck disease |
| 大流行 | pandemic |
| 代表性 | representativeness |
| 单倍型 | haplotype |
| 单纯随机抽样 | simple random sampling |
| 单盲 | single blind |
| 单项筛检 | single screening |
| 等位基因 | allele |
| 等位基因频率 | gene frequency |
| 地方病 | endemic diseases |
| 地方病学 | Endemiology |
| 地方性 | endemicity |
| 地方性氟中毒 | endemic fluorosis |
| 地方性砷中毒 | endemic arsenism |
| 点突变 | point mutation |
| 点源流行 | point source epidemic |
| 碘缺乏病 | iodine deficiency disease |
| 调查随访研究 | survey follow-up study |
| 调整一致性 | adjusted agreement |
| 丁型肝炎 | hepatitis D，HD |
| 动态人群 | dynamic population |
| 毒力 | virulence |
| 短期波动 | irregular variation， rapid fluctuation |
| 队列 | cohort |
| 队列研究 | cohort study |
| 对象报告偏倚 | report bias |
| 多归因程序的方法 | Multiple imputation procedure |
| 多国心血管病趋势和决定因素监测 | Multinational Monitoring of Trends and Determinants inardiovascular Diseases， MONICA |
| 多级抽样 | multistage sampling |
| 多群组比较研究 | multi-group comparison study |
| 多态性 | polymorphism |
| 多项筛检 | multiple screening |
| 恶性肿瘤流行病学 | cancer Epidemiology |
| 二代侵袭率，续发率 | secondary attack rate，SAR |
| 二级预防 | secondary prevention |
| 发病率 | incidence rate， morbidity |
| 发病密度 | incidence density |
| 发病密度 | incidence density |
| 发生率研究 | incidence study |
| 飞沫 | droplet |
| 飞沫核 | droplet nuclei |
| 非即时性 | non-concurrent |
| 非均衡性错分 | differential misclassification |
| 非连续性状 | Discrete traits |
| 肺炎与流感死亡率 | pneumonia and influenza deaths, P&I deaths |
| 分层 | stratification |
| 分层抽样 | stratified sampling |
| 分层随机分组 | stratified randomization |
| 分类变量 | categorical variable |
| 分离分析 | segregation analysis |
| 分子流行病学 | Molecular Epidemiology |
| 封闭性抗体 | blocking antibodies |
| 氟斑牙 | dental fluorosis |
| 氟骨症 | skeletal fluorosis |
| 负混杂 | negative confounding |
| 复等位基因位点 | multiple alles |
| 复杂性状 | complex trait |
| 概念框架 | conceptual framework |
| 干预随访研究 | intervention follow-up study |
| 感染储主 | reservoir of infection |
| 感染来源 | source of infection |
| 感染力 | infectivity |
| 感染谱 | spectrum of infection |
| 感染梯度 | gradient of infection |
| 感染性腹泻 | infectious diarrhea |
| 感染性腹泻病 | infectious diarrheal disease |
| 感染症 | infections or infectious diseases |
| 高危人群策略 | high risk strategy |
| 个案 | case |
| 个案调查 | case study |
| 个案调查 | individual survey |
| 个体匹配 | individual matching |
| 工程干预 | engineering intervention |
| 共变法 | method of concomitant variation |
| 共显性 | codominance |
| 构成比 | proportion |
| 固定队列 | fixed cohort |
| 故意伤害 | intentional injuries |
| 关联的合理性 | plausibility of association |
| 关联的可重复性 | consistency of association |
| 关联的强度 | strength of association |
| 关联的时间性 | temporality of association |
| 关联的特异性 | specificity of association |
| 关联的一致性 | coherence of association |
| 观察偏倚 | observational bias |
| 观察性研究 | observational study |
| 观察一致率 | observation agreement |
| 广义遗传度 | broad heritability |
| 归因危险度 | attributable risk |
| 归因危险度百分比 | attributable risk percent， ARP，AR% |
| 国际病毒分类委员会 | International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses，ICTV |
| 国际冠心病预防工作组 | The International Task Force for Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease |
| 国际疾病分类第十版 | International Classification of Diseases，ICD-10 |
| 国家结核病防治项目 | National Tuberculosis Program，NTP |
| 国家卫生统计中心 | the National Center for Health Statistics， NCHS |
| 合作率 | cooperation rate |
| 核心家系 | Nuclear families |
| 横断面研究 | cross sectional analysis |
| 横断面研究 | cross-sectional study |
| 患病率 | prevalence rate |
| 回顾性研究 | retrospective studies |
| 回忆偏倚 | recall bias |
| 混合型流行 | mixed epidemic |
| 混合研究 | mixed study |
| 混杂 | confounding |
| 混杂偏倚 | confounding bias |
| 混杂因素 | confounder， confounding factor |
| 活跃病区 | active endemic area |
| 获得性免疫缺陷综合症 | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome， AIDS |
| 霍桑效应 | Howthorne effect |
| 机遇 | chance |
| 基本繁殖率 | basic reproduction rate |
| 基本繁殖数 | basic reproductive number，R0 |
| 基本人群 | base population or population at risk |
| 基线信息 | baseline information |
| 基因 | gene |
| 基因毒性 | genotoxic |
| 基因型 | Genotyping |
| 基因型频率 | genotype frequency |
| 及时性 | timeliness |
| 疾病爆发 | disease outbreak |
| 疾病标志 | Markers of disease |
| 疾病的分布 | distribution of disease |
| 疾病的自然史 | natural history of disease |
| 疾病监测 | surveillance of disease |
| 疾病链 | the disease chain |
| 剂量反应关系 | dose-response relationship |
| 季节性 | seasonal variation， seasonality |
| 继发关联 | secondary association |
| 家庭簇研究 | family cluster study |
| 家庭聚集性 | Familial aggregation |
| 家庭聚集性研究 | familial aggregation study |
| 家庭相似性 | Family resemblance |
| 家系研究 | pedigree study |
| 甲型肝炎 | hepatitis A，HA |
| 假阳性率 | false positive rate |
| 假阴性率 | false negative rate |
| 间接传播 | indirect transmission |
| 间接关联 | indirect association |
| 间接接触 | indirect contact |
| 检出症侯偏倚 | detection signal bias |
| 简单随机分组 | simple randomization |
| 简明损伤定级法 | abbreviated injury scale，AIS |
| 健康促进 | health promotion |
| 健康工作者效应 | healthy worker effect |
| 健康监测系统 | health information system， HIS |
| 健康生命损失年 | years of life lived with disability， YLLD |
| 教育干预 | educational intervention |
| 结局 | outcome |
| 结局变量 | outcome variable |
| 截断点 | cutoff |
| 金标准 | gold standard |
| 经济干预 | economic intervention |
| 经节肢动物媒介 | vector-borne |
| 经空气 | air-borne |
| 经食物 | food-borne |
| 经饮水 | drinking water-borne |
| 经载体 | vehicle-borne |
| 精确性 | precision |
| 聚合酶链式反应 | polymerase chain reaction，PCR |
| 均衡性错分 | non-differential misclassification |
| 均数回归趋势 | regression to the mean |
| 抗原漂移 | antigenic drift |
| 抗原转变 | antigenic shift |
| 克山病 | Keshan disease |
| 空间、时间集研究 | space-time cluster study |
| 扩大免疫计划 | expanded program on immunization，EPI |
| 来源同一 | identity by descent， IBD |
| 类试验，准试验 | quasi-trial，quasi-experiment |
| 类推法 | method of analogy |
| 累积发病率 | cumulative incidence |
| 罹患率 | attack rate |
| 礼貌偏倚 | politeness bias |
| 理论流行病学 | theoretical epidemiology |
| 历史性 | historical |
| 连锁 | linkage |
| 连锁不平衡 | linkage disequilibrium |
| 连锁分析 | Linkage analysis |
| 连锁平衡 | linkage equilibrium |
| 联合无应答偏倚 | combined nonrespondent bias |
| 联系率 | contact rate |
| 临床试验 | clinical trial |
| 灵敏度 | sensitivity |
| 领先时间偏倚 | lead time bias |
| 流感病毒 | influenza virus |
| 流行 | epidemic |
| 流行病模型 | epidemic model |
| 流行病学 | epidemiology |
| 流行病学监测 | epidemiological surveillance |
| 流行病学实验 | epidemiological experiment |
| 流行过程 | epidemic process |
| 流行曲线 | epidemic curve |
| 流行性出血热 | epidemic hemorrhagic fever， EHF |
| 流行性感冒 | Influenza |
| 流行性肾病 | nephropathia epidemica，NE |
| 率 | rate |
| 率比 | rate ratio |
| 率差 | rate difference， RD |
| 轮状模式 | wheel mode |
| 蔓延流行 | propagated or progressive epidemic |
| 盲法 | blindness |
| 美国国家胆固醇教育规划 | National Cholesterol Education Program，NCEP |
| 描述流行病学 | descriptive epidemiology |
| 描述性研究 | descriptive study |
| 目标人群 | target population |
| 内暴露剂量 | Internal Dose |
| 内部有效性 | internal validity |
| 内剂量 | internal dose |
| 内剂量的测定 | internal dose meters |
| 纳入/排除偏倚 | inclusion/exclusion bias |
| 奈曼偏倚 | Neyman bias |
| 排除 | exclusions |
| 排除法 | method of exclusion |
| 排除偏倚 | exclusive bias |
| 配对 | pair matching |
| "皮鞋"流行病学 | shoeleather epidemiology |
| 匹配 | matching |
| 匹配变量 | matching variable |
| 匹配过头 | overmatching |
| 匹配因素 | matching factors |
| 偏倚 | bias |
| 频数匹配 | frequency matching |
| 普查 | census |
| 前瞻性 | prospective 8 |
| 前瞻性研究 | prospective study |
| 潜伏期 | incubation period |
| 潜隐期 | latent period |
| 潜在工作损失年数 | Working Years of Potential Life Lost， WYPLL |
| 潜在价值损失年数 | Valued Years of Potential Life Lost， VYPLL |
| 潜在寿命损失年 | potential years of life lost，PYLL |
| 强制干预 | enforcement intervention |
| 求同法 | method of agreement |
| 求异法 | method of difference |
| 全人群策略 | population strategy |
| 缺课天数 | days lost from school |
| 缺勤天数 | days lost from work |
| 缺失数据 | missing data |
| 确定性检验 | explicit testing |
| 确定性模型 | deterministic model |
| 人传人 | person to person spread |
| 人类传染病 | anthroponosis |
| 人类基因组计划 | human genome project |
| 人类免疫缺陷病毒 | human immunodeficiency virus，HIV |
| 人群 | population |
| 人群病因分值 | population etiologic fraction， PEF |
| 人群的分层 | population stratification |
| 人群归因危险度 | population attributable risk，PAR |
| 人群归因危险度百分比 | population attributable risk percent， PARP or PAR% |
| 人群免疫性 | herd immunity |
| 人群易感性 | herd susceptibility |
| 人兽共患病，动物传染病 | zoonosis |
| 人畜共患病 | anthropozoonosis |
| 日期型 | date type |
| 入院率偏倚（伯克森偏倚） | admission rate bias （Berkson's bias） |
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